Comprehensive identification of cell cycle-regulated genes of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by microarray hybridization. Yeast Gal4: a transcriptional paradigm revisited. Transcriptional regulation in the yeast GAL gene family: a complex genetic network. Precise nanometer localization analysis for individual fluorescent probes. A single molecule view of gene expression. Single-RNA counting reveals alternative modes of gene expression in yeast.
Imaging individual mRNA molecules using multiple singly labeled probes.
Raj, A., van den Bogaard, P., Rifkin, S.A., van Oudenaarden, A. Visualization of single RNA transcripts in situ. Noise minimization in eukaryotic gene expression. cerevisiae reveals the architecture of biological noise. Global analysis of protein expression in yeast. Noise in protein expression scales with natural protein abundance. Origins of extrinsic variability in eukaryotic gene expression. Control of stochasticity in eukaryotic gene expression. Intrinsic and extrinsic contributions to stochasticity in gene expression. Stochastic gene expression: from single molecules to the proteome. Stochastic gene expression in a single cell. Stochasticity in gene expression: from theories to phenotypes. Genomics, gene expression and DNA arrays. Determinants of protein abundance and translation efficiency in S. Connectivity and expression in protein networks: proteins in a complex are uniformly expressed. Efficiency of complex production in changing environment.
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Transcriptional regulatory code of a eukaryotic genome.
Transcriptional regulatory networks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Dissecting the regulatory circuitry of a eukaryotic genome. Functional organization of the yeast proteome by systematic analysis of protein complexes. Global landscape of protein complexes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Proteome survey reveals modularity of the yeast cell machinery. The coordination of these functional complexes therefore must occur post-transcriptionally, and likely post-translationally. In contrast, transcription of constitutive genes encoding essential subunits of complexes is not coordinated because of stochastic fluctuations. Our results revealed that transcript levels of temporally induced genes are highly correlated in individual cells. To directly measure the level of coordination in the expression of genes, we used highly sensitive fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to count individual mRNAs of functionally related and unrelated genes within single Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. It is not known whether coordination in the expression of subunits of essential complexes occurs at the level of transcription, mRNA abundance or protein expression. However, proteins comprising essential complexes or pathways have similar abundances and lower variability. Expression of an individual gene can vary considerably among genetically identical cells because of stochastic fluctuations in transcription.
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